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Studio LEISA's avatar

Another word for it is bullying. The people who are the most self-righteous about "othering" engage in collectivist bullying on a daily basis.

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Ralph Blanchette's avatar

The social stigma tactic was identified by Ayn Rand sixty years ago in her essay, "The Argument from Intimidation" published in the _Objectivist Newsletter_, July, 1964:

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There is a certain type of argument which, in fact, is not an argument, but a means of forestalling debate and extorting an opponent's agreement with one's undiscussed notions. It is a method of by-passing logic by means of psychological pressure. Since it is particularly prevalent in today's culture and is going to grow more so in the next few months, one would do well to learn to identify it and be on guard against it.

This method bears a certain resemblance to the fallacy ad hominem, and comes from the same psychological root, but is different in essential meaning. The ad hominem fallacy consists of attempting to refute an argument by impeaching the character of its proponent. Example: "Candidate X is immoral, therefore his argument is false."

But the psychological pressure method consists of threatening to impeach an opponent's character by means of his argument, thus impeaching the argument without debate. Example: "Only the immoral can fail to see that Candidate X's argument is false."'

In the first case, Candidate X's immorality (real or invented) is offered as proof of the falsehood of his argument. In the second case, the falsehood of his argument is asserted arbitrarily and offered as proof of his immorality.

In today's epistemological jungle, that second method is used more frequently than any other type of irrational argument. It should be classified as a logical fallacy and may be designated as "The Argument from Intimidation."

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Rather than comparing this argument to fart spray (a vivid metaphor!), Rand goes on to compare it to the argument that only the morally depraved can fail to see the _Emperor's new Clothes_, and gives many other examples of its use, identifying its effectiveness as a product of the widespread belief in 'social metaphysics': a person's notion of “the consciousness of other men as superior to his own and to the facts of reality." You could call this Rand's 'prophesy' of the subsequent postmodern intellectual fad for the "social construction of reality".

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